Based on the linked source; automatically prepared and checked against the original report.
Study population and measures
Researchers examined 85 volunteers aged 30 or older who use wheelchairs. Participants were recruited through sports welfare facilities for people with disabilities in G and C provinces. Hand-grip strength was measured with a dynamometer, while arm muscle mass index was assessed using a body composition analyzer. The research evaluated associations rather than testing a treatment or intervention.
Individual associations
Participants in the low-hand-grip-strength group had higher estimated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease risk than those in the high-strength reference group. Odds ratios were 3.589 using the hepatic steatosis index and 2.710 using the Framingham steatosis index. The low-arm-muscle-mass-index group also had higher estimated risk, with odds ratios of 2.762 and 3.493, respectively.
Combined findings
The group with both low hand-grip strength and low arm muscle mass index had substantially higher estimated risk than the group with high levels of both measures. Before covariate adjustment, odds ratios were 6.849 using the hepatic steatosis index and 6.957 using the Framingham measure. After adjustment, the corresponding odds ratios were 7.352 and 7.406. The study defined risk using index thresholds, not a confirmed clinical diagnosis.
